전극,electrode

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양극·음극
애노드·캐소드

전류,electric_current를 유입 또는 유출시키는 부분
따라서 전하,electric_charge, 전자,electron가 출입

전극극성,polarity에 따라 (전위,electric_potential가)
양극 positive electrode 전위가 높다
음극 negative electrode 전위가 낮다

전극에서 진행되는 산화환원반응,redox_reaction에 따라
애노드 anode 전자를 방출 산화,oxidation반응이 일어남
캐소드 cathode 전자가 들어옴 환원,reduction반응이 일어남
일차전지/이차전지가 다름, 설명은 [https]두산백과 전극 참조


혼란스러운 한글 표기

cathode=음극, anode=양극이란 번역은 잘못되었다. 다음과 같이 생각해야 함.

anode: 주변에서 산화(oxidation)가 일어나는 전극. 산화전극. 전극이 전자를 빼앗아 간다. 음이온이 전극쪽으로 끌려간다.
cathode: 주변에서 환원(reduction)이 일어나는 전극. 환원전극. 전극이 전자를 공급해 준다. 양이온이 전극쪽으로 끌려간다.
(ref. 산화,oxidation, 환원,reduction, 산화환원반응,redox_reaction)

anion은 anode로 끌려가고,
cation은 cathode로 끌려감? CHK

대표적으로, 전지를 방전시킬 때는 +극이 cathode, -극이 anode가 되지만
충전시킬 때는 -극이 cathode, +극이 anode가 됨.





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